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Conventions & Treaties

What are Conventions & Treaties?

Why do Students need to know about it?

Treaty & Conventions Name Year Signed Place Parties Involved Objective
Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their disposal 1989 Basel 188 Reduces hazardous waste movement between nations, especially from developed to less developed countries.
Charter of the United Nations 1945 San Francisco 193 Establishes the United Nations and its purposes, principles, and structure.
Convention on Biological Diversity 1992 Rio de Janeiro 196 Conservation of biological diversity, sustainable use of its components, and fair sharing of benefits.
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora 1973 Washington 183 Regulates international trade in endangered species.
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women 1979 New York 189 Elimination of discrimination against women and gender equality.
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide 1948 Paris 152 Defines and criminalizes genocide under international law
Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 New York 196 Protects the civil, political, economic,social, health, and cultural rights of children.
Geneva Convention 1949 Geneva 196 Humanitarian treatment during war, protecting those not participating in hostilities.
Hague Apostille Convention 1961 Hague 127 Convention abolishing the requirement of legalisation for foreign public documents.
Hague Child Abduction Convention 1980 Hague 96 The objects of the present Convention are -a) to secure the prompt return of children wrongfully removed to or retained in any Contracting State; and b) to ensure that rights of custody and of access under the law of one Contracting State are effectively respected in the other Contracting States.
International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism 1996 New York 124 The main objective of the Convention is to prevent and suppress acts of nuclear terrorism by adopting necessary legislative and technical measures.
International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism 2000 New York 132 Convention's objective is to enhance international co-operation among states in devising and adopting effective measures for the prevention of the financing of terrorism, as well as for its suppression through the prosecution and punishment of its perpetrators.
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination 1965 New York 88 The main objective of the Convention is adopt all appropriate means and policies to eliminating racial discrimination in all its forms and promoting understanding among all races.
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966 New York 173 Protection of civil and political rights.
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 1966 New York 171 Protection of economic, social, and cultural rights.
Kyoto Protocol 1997 Kyoto 192 Binding emission reduction targets for industrialized countries.
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer 1987 Montreal 198 Phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances.
Paris Agreement 2015 Paris 195 Climate change mitigation, adaptation, and finance.
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court 1998 Rome 123 Establishment of the International Criminal Court for prosecuting genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and aggression.
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 1968 London, Moscow and Washington 191 Preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and promoting peaceful use of nuclear energy.
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 Montego Bay 167 Governs the rights and responsibilities of nations in their use of the world's oceans.
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 1961 Vienna 192 Framework for diplomatic relations and immunity between states.

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